2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)
英语
语法填空
1vied【解析:该句缺少谓语,且根据首句可知应用过去时态,故填vied。】
2fi【解析:该空所在处为非谓语动词用法,且根据句意可知,此处表示主动动作,故填现在分词形式。】
3yelf【解析:此处指自言自语,且空前为介词t,故填yelf。】
4rked【解析:此处是非谓语动词做定语的用法,此处指地球日被定在四月二十二日,故用过去分词形式。】
5i【解析:空后为年份,根据句意可知此处指第一次庆祝地球日是在1970年,所以此处填i。】
6tivitie【解析:空前用vriu修饰,且tivity为可数名词,故此处用复数形式。】
7uet/ueted/h ueted【解析:此处没有特殊用于某种时态的时间状语,且句意并未明确指出进行调查的时间,故一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时均可使用。主语是Reerh,故现在时态中要用单三形式。】
8here【解析:经过分析句子成分可知,空处所引导的从句应与“Wht tudet d t llee”并列,且根据空后的“they ”可以得知此处填here。】
9h/tht【解析:空后部分缺少主语,且此处为先行词是the的定语从句。先行词为人,关系词可用h也可用tht。】
10eiful【解析:d连接并列成分,前面为helthy,故空处也应填入形容词,故填eiful。】
阅读理解
【文章大意】本文介绍了一位心系学生的教授,无偿接送学生们,并因此成为学生们敬仰并亲近的对象。
11C【解析:第一段提到Wil总会风雨无阻地将家庭经济紧张的学生们送到课堂。此空后为“free ride”,可猜测此处指Wil是向学生们“提供”免费搭便车服务。】
12D【解析:前文提到了“free ride”,故可知此处亦指这是Wil免费的、自发的行为,故选D。】
13B【解析:pve意为“铺平道路;铺设;安排”;ver意为“遮盖;延毕;涉及”;eure意为“测量;估量”;der意为“漫步;漫游;游荡”。该空后的64 000 ile暗示此处应是指行程达到了64万英里(约10万千米),故选B。】
14D【解析:ruet意为“争吵”;itervie意为“面谈/采访”;etiti意为“谈判”;der意为“漫步”。修饰此空的短语为utle以及plet d huru,故应指Wil与他接送的学生们度过了数不清的、愉快且幽默的旅途,故此处选意思更符合句意的D。】
15B【解析:前文一直在讲Wil无偿接送学生们,故此处指他曾接送过的学生们学有所成,故选drive。】
16A【解析:前句写了学生们对于Wil的敬重,故此处进一步说明学生对他的深厚感情,故选A。】
17B【解析:er意为“赚取;获得”;reeive意为“收到;接到”;e意为“评定;估价”;ded意为“要求;需要”。根据后文“the trip”可知她也曾接受过Wil的恩惠。】
18A【解析:提示词同样是“the trip”,故可知此处还是在说Wil的免费接送,故选A。】
19B【解析:由前文“jut itti here”和后面的“ith yur hedphe ”可知此处指令人不愉快的沉默,故选B。】
20D【解析:由后文的可知前后文存在因果关系,故可猜测Wil会记得这些答案并且会在下一次的谈话中提及。】
21C【解析:t 意为“对……起作用”;ettle 意为“决定;选定;看中”;hek 意为“上班;核实;检查”;ree 意为“同意;商定”。上文提到Wil会对乘客提问并记下答案,故此处为下一次的路程中他会对答案进行“核对;检查”。】
22D【解析:由前半句可知,Wil参加了一个项目,因此是项目中要求他如何做,故选D。lub“俱乐部”,leue“联盟”,llee“大学”】
23C【解析:根据后文可知,Wil不止完成了项目中要求的,还超出要求做了很多工作,故选C。】
24A【解析:由后文可知,Wil为学生们买食物,提供帮助,故选A,意为“协助”。】
25D【解析:由前半句可知,Wil帮助学生们毫不犹豫,故选D,意为“犹豫,迟疑”。】
26C【解析:A“额外的”;B“不寻常的”;C“必要的”;D“充足的”,根据选项含义及句意“对于大多数学生来说,威尔逊的帮助不仅受到赏识,而且对他们来完成学业来说很有必要”,符合句意,故选C。】
27A【解析:A“分享”;B“供以燃料”;C“修理”;D“交换”,根据选项含义来说符合句意,故选A。】
28B【解析:A“需要”;B“允许”;C“提醒”;D“使确信,说服”,根据选项含义来说符合句意,故选B。】
29A【解析:A“经历,经验”;B“布置,整理”;C“欣赏”;D“雇用”,根据选项含义及句意“但是对于威尔逊来说,他从这些经历中获益良多”,符合句意,故选A。】
30C【解析:A“努力”;B“野心”;C“特权,优待”;D“便利”,根据选项含义及句意“威尔逊说,这对于那些孩子来说是一种优待”,符合句意,故选C。】
阅读
A
【文章大意】本文是关于公益组织GDA的介绍以及将要举办项目的介绍。
31C【解析:考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第二句中effetive rui f ur prre可知,志愿者经理主要负责项目的有效推进,故选C。】
32D【解析:考查细节理解。根据图表可知八月开始的项目之由一个在Suth Afri举办。】
33D【解析:考查细节理解。由文章第一段最后一句可知,GDA意在为贫困社区做一些福利工作,故选D。】
B
【文章大意】本文记叙了Alie Mre作为年轻创业者发明AilieCdy的故事。
34 B【解析:考查细节分析。根据文章第二段&qut;Why 't I ke helthy dy tht' d fr y teeth tht y pret 't y t it?&qut;可知,当父亲提醒她糖果会伤害牙齿的时候,她希望创造出不会被父母禁止的糖果,故选B。】
35A【解析:考查细节分析。根据本文第三段bth tty d tth-friedly可知,Cdy一大特点是对牙齿有益处。】
36B【解析:考查细节分析。根据文章第五段最后一句可知,She hpe tht every kid hve le uth d brd ile“她希望每一个孩子拥有清洁的牙齿的同时脸上能挂着很大的微笑。”,故选B。】
37C【解析:考查推理分析。从Mre的故事可知,她发现问题解决问题的能力很积极迅速。因此,积极活跃的点子和实际行动可以带来成功符合原文,故选C。】
C
【文章大意】本文为读者介绍了为何骚扰电话即将变得更加危险。
38 D【解析:根据第一段中“We re filly ki up t the everity f the prble by upprti d develpi rup f tl,pp d pprhe iteded t prevet er fr etti thruh Ufrtutely,it' t little,t lte”可知,作者对骚扰电话的解决方法感到失望。故选D。】
39 A【解析:根据第三段中“A dede f dt brehe(数据侵入)f perl ifrti h led t ituti here er eily ler yur ther ' e,d fr re Ared ith thi klede they're ble t rry ut idividully treted pi t het peple”并结合整个第三段可知,通过运用新的技术,骗子可以了解到潜在受害人的更多的信息,从而精准地定位目标。故选A。】
40 B【解析:文章主要讲述了随着科技的进步,新的技术被研究出来,使骗子行骗更容易。因此暗示着科学技术具有两面性。故选B。】
41 C【解析:本文为读者介绍了为何骚扰电话即将变得更加危险。C选项概括了文章大意,适合做标题。故选C。】
D
【文章大意】本文解释说明了由于气候变化海洋表面颜色变化的现象及原因。
42B【解析:考查细节理解。文章前两段主要讨论了海表面颜色变化的原因。故B选项符合原文。】
43A【解析:考查词义猜测。原文vulerble意为“易受攻击的;易受伤的;”eitive“敏感的;易受影响的;”beefiil“有利的,有益的;”iifit“重要的;显著的;”utieble“不显明[显著]的;”,故选A。】
44D【解析:考查细节理解。根据原文最后一段 ri ill ke diti riper fr phytplkt,d thee re ill tur reeer可知,浮游植物多的地方海面会更绿,因此选D。】
45C【解析:考查主旨大意。本文解释说明了由于气候变化海洋表面颜色变化的现象及原因,故选C。】
绝密★启用前
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)
英语
(考试时间:100分钟试卷满分:120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)
第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题15分,共15分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题:每小题15分,共15分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Othe firt dy fy firt rde,I tdby the dr ithbutterflie i y th I1(vie)y biet ert y ther“H ill I ke fried?”She hded e dvie “Be yurelf”Frthept 20 yer I hve lived by thee rd S I ill rdute d bee prt f the rel rldNervuly2(fe)hllee Ik I ill hiper t3(I)thet iple rd“Be yurelf”
B
Erth Dy,4(rk) 22 April,i ul evet ii trie publi ree but eviretl prteti Firt elebrted51970,the Dy ilude evet i re th 190 utrie d rei(地区) N tter ht yu like t d,there i y t et ivlved i vriu6(tivity) Erth Dy Yu plt tree,ke el ith llly r veetble,r ve per—the pibilitie re edle
C
De the e f the llee yu tted relly tter?Reerh the queti 7(uet)tht,fr t tudet,it de't Wht tudet d t llee ee t tter uh re th8they The tudet beefitti t fr llee re the9re ttllyeed(参与)i dei life tki full dvtef the llee’ he dreure(资源),Studet huld hve prper ttitude trd llee befre thiki but hih lleet tted,d it’ everterly t ke eery preprti fr helthyd10(ei)llee experiee
第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题15分,共30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rerdlef the ether rthe dite, PulWil illke ure l-ie tudetihieihburhd rrivettheir lleeletie
A retired eieer, 76-yer-ld Wil h bee 11free ride t llee tudet fr the pt eiht yer Sie he firt trted 12hi r t the yu pepleWilh 13 tihi64, 000 ile,dh hd utleplet d fte huru 14ith the tudet he trprt t d frhlThe tudet hhe' 15hve e t bee phyii,teherdeieer,but ht they've l t utf theirtie i hl i fidi rledel d fried i WilSe tudet 16llhi“Grdp”
TiSter 17ride frWil fr ll her fur yer i llee,dthe trip et uh re t her th jut free 18&qut;It' t jut ride;yu'retjutittithere i 19ilee r ith yur hedphe ”Sterid“He k yu queti d tully 20the er, the ext tie yu ride ith hi,he'll 21the thi&qut;
Wil firt rked driver thruh tudet-upprt prre f the -prfit ritiO Pit fr ClleeAlthuh the 22k the eber ly t drive tudet t d fr their le,Wil fte e 23teure the elfre d fety f the tudetIf they hve prble ith reitrti
Wil i there t 24theIf they ru ut f erti dily eeitieWil ill drive t the eret tre d purhe ht' eededIf tudet et hury the l drive t d fr hl,Wil ever 25t buy the el
Fr y tudet,Wil' help i t ly ppreited,it' l etirely 26fr the t be ble t plete their llee edutiSe tudet d't hve relibler,hile ther hve t 27vehile ith pret h rk ix dy eekFr the,ridi ith Wil h 28the t plete their eduti—but rdi t Wil,he beefit jut uh fr the 29“I jut lve drivid I lve thee kid,&qut;Wil id&qut;It' uh ()30t be prt f thee kid’ live,eve jut fr fe hur,etti t k the d heri their trie&qut;
11 A liki B edi C fferi D ditributi
12AdtiBlediCdeliveriDvluteeri
13 A pved B veredC eured D dered
14 A ruet B itervieC etitiD dered
15AetBdriveCddreedD verti
16AeveBeverCeDlredy
17AeredBreeivedCeedDdeded
18Atrprtti BtyleCtieDuiti
19AfredBkrdCridiuluDupiiu
20AeletBreiteCueeDreeber
21AtBettleChekDree
22AlubBleueClleeDprre
23AfrBrudCbeydDfrrd
24AitBthCureDr
25AexpetBtteptCeDheitte
26AextrBuuulCeeryDdequte
27AhreBfuelCrepirDexhe
28ArequiredBlledCreidedDvied
29AexperieeBrreetCppreitiDeplyet
30AeffrtBbitiCprivileeDveiee
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Wt t explre e ulture,eet e peple d d ethi rthhile t the e tie?Yu d ll the three ith Glbl Develpet Aiti(GDA)Whtever te f life yu're t,herever yu d htever prjet yu d i GDA,yu'll rete pitive he i pr d rete uity(社区)
We rk ithvluteer f ll e d bkrudMt f ur vluteer re ed 17-24N e eed vluteer er ed 25-75They re extreely iprtt i the fe deffetive rui f urprreWe hve uh rle prjet er,uti leder,d uiti ffier
Depedi hih rle yu he,yu uld help t iree uity' et fe driki ter,r help t prtet vluble llultureYu iht l dei dveture hllee t tri yu vluteer
Nt ly ill yu help ur yu vluteer t develp perlly,yu'll llere kill d iree yur ulturl reeYu y hve he t eet e peple h'llbee yur lifel fried
Thi uer e hve bth 4-eek d 7-eek prre:
Cutry | Shedule | |
4-eek prre | 7-eek prre | |
Aleri | 5 Jul-1Au | 20Ju-7Au |
Eypt | 24 Jul-20 Au | 19Ju-6 Au |
Key | 20Jul-16Au | 18 Ju-5 Au |
Suth Afri | 2Au-29 Au | 15 Ju-2Au |
GDA eure tht vluteer rk ith uity eber d ll prjet prter here ur help i eededAll ur prjet i t prte the develpet f pr d rete uitie
There i ther he like GDA prreJi u vluteer er t develp yur kill hile brii beefit t the uitie
Fid ut re but jii GDA prre:
Webite:ldever
Eil:hureure@ldever
31Wht i the i repibility f vluteer er?
AT eek ll prter B T tke i yuvluteer
CT rry utprre D T fter ulturl ree
32Theprrebeii i Auut ill perte i
A Eypt B AleriC Key D Suth Afri
33The hred l f GDA’ prjet t
A explre e ulture B prtet the eviret
C i rprte beefitD help uitie i eed
B
Alie Mre i teeer etrepreeur(创业者),h i My 2015 et up her buie AilieCdyBy the tie he 13,her py rth illi f dllr ith the iveti f uper-eet tret tht uld ve kid'teeth,ited f detryi the
It ll be he Mre viited bk ith her dd O the uti,he ffered dy br Hever, her dd reided her tht ury tret ere bd fr her teeth But Mre ik f ii ut die S he deired t et rud the ri,&qut;Why 't I ke helthy dy tht' d fr y teeth tht y pret 't y t it?&qut;With tht i id, Mre ked her dd if he uld trt her dy py He reeded tht he d e reerh d tlk t detit but ht helthier dy uld ti
With her dd' perii,he pet the ext t yer reerhi lied duti tril t et reipe tht bth tty d tth-friedly She l pprhed detit tlerre butteeth lei Cequetly,he ueedediki kid f dy ly uiturleeteer, hihreduerlbteri
Mre the ued her vi t et her buie f the rud Afterrd, he d her fther eured their firt buie eeti ith uperrket er, h filly reed t ell Mre'prdut-Cdy
A CCdy' ue r, de Mre' redibility yu etrepreeurMre i ethuiti but the dy he reted, d he' l pitive but ht the future iht bri She hpe tht every kid hve le uth d brd ile
Mehile, ith her pret' help, Mre i eerlly ble t live rl teee life Althuh he fuded her py erly i life, he 't drive pririly by prfit Mre t t ue her uique tlet t help ther fid their ileShe dte 10% f AiliCdy' prfit t Bi Sile With her tlet d deteriti, it pper tht the ky uld be the liit fr Alie Mre
34 H did Mre ret t her dd' ri?
A She rued ith hiB She tried t fid y ut
C She pid ttetiD She he t ult detit
35 Wht i peil but CCdy?
A It i beefiil t detl helthB It i free f eeteer
C It i eeter th ther dieD It i prdued t detit' reipe
36 Wht de Mre expet fr her buie?
A T er re eyB T help ther fid ile
C T ke herelf td utD T bet ther dy pie
37 Wht e ler fr Alie Mre' try?
A Fe i ret thirt f the yu
BA yuth i t be rerded ith repet
C Pitive thiki d ti reult i ue
D Sue e etti perl deire tified
C
The prble f rbll h tte bd tht y peple refue t pik up ll fr uber they d't kBy ext yer,hlf f the ll e reeive ill be (欺诈)We re filly ki up t the everity f the prble by upprti d develpi rup f tl,pp d pprhe iteded t prevet er fr etti thruhUfrtutely,it' t little,t lteBy the tie thee“luti&qut;(解决方案)bee idely vilble,er ill hve ved t leverer eI the er future,it' t jut i t be the uber yu ee yur ree tht ill be i dubtS yu ill l queti hether the vie yu're heri i tully rel
Tht' beue there re uber f perful vie ipulti (处理) d utti tehlie tht re but t bee idely vilble fr ye t ue At thi yer' I/O Cferee , py hed e vie tehly ble t prdue uh vii hu –udi vie tht it ble t pek t reeptiit d bk reervti ithut deteti
Thee develpet re likely t ke ur urret prble ith rbll uh reThe re tht rbll re hedhe h le t d ith ut th preii A dede f dt brehe(数据侵入)f perl ifrti h led t ituti here er eily ler yur ther ' e,d fr reAred ith thi kledethey're ble t rry ut idividully treted pi t het pepleThi efr exple,tht er uld ll yu fr ht lk t be filiruber d tlk t yu ui vie tht ud extly like yur bk teller ',riki yu it &qut;firi &qut; yur ddre,ther' e,d rd uberSer fll ey, pie ill be the rt hitA lt f buie i till de ver the phe,d uh f it i bed trut d exiti reltihipVie ipulti tehlie y eke tht rdully
We eed t del ith the ieure ture f ur tele etrk Phe rrier d uer eed t rk tether t fid y f deterii d uiti ht i rel Tht iht e either develpi uifr y t rkvide d ie, hi he d h they ere de by r bdi phe ll ltether d vi trd dt-bed uiti—ui pp like Fe Tie r WhtApp, hih be tied t yur idetity
Credibility i hrd terbut ey t le, d the prble i ly i t hrder fr here ut
38H de the uthr feel but the luti t prble f rbell?
APikedBCfued CEbrred DDippited
39tki dvte f the e tehlie,er______
Ai t viti preielyBde dtbe eily
Ctrt pi rpidlyDpred ifrti idely
40Wht de the pe iply?
AHety i the bet pliy
BTehlie be duble-edited
CThere re re luti th prble
DCredibility hld the key t develpet
41Whih f the flli uld be the bet title fr the pe?
AWhere the Prble f Rbll I Rted
BWh I t Ble fr the Prble f Rbell
CWhy Rbll Are Abut t Get Mre Deru
DH Rbll Are Affeti the Wrld f Tehly
D
By the ed f the etury,if t er,the rld' e ill be bluer d reeer thk t ri lite,rdi t e tudy
At the hert f the phee lie tiy rie irri(海洋微生物)lled phytplktBeue f the y liht reflet ff the ri,thee phytplkt rete lurful ptter t the e urfeOe lur vrie fr ree t blue,depedi the type d etrti f phytplktClite he ill fuel the rth f phytplkt i e re,hile redui it i ther pt,ledi t he i the e' ppere
Phytplkt live t the e urfe,here they pull rb dixide(二氧化碳)it the e hile ivi ff xyeWhe thee ri die,they bury rb i the deep e, iprtt pre tht help t reulte the lbl liteBut phytplkt revulerblet the e' ri tredWri he key hrteriti f the e d ffet phytplkt rth,ie they eed t ly uliht d rb dixide t r,but l utriet
Stephie Dutkieiz, ietit i MIT' Ceter fr Glbl Che Siee,built lite del tht prjet he t the e thruhut the eturyI rld tht r up by 3℃,it fud tht ultiple he t the lur f the e uld urThe del prjet tht urretly blue re ith little phytplkt uld bee eve bluerBut i e ter,uh the f the Arti, ri ill ke diti riper fr phytplkt,d thee re ill turreeer “Nt ly re the qutitie f phytplkt i the e hi ”he id,“but the type f phytplkt i hi ”
42 Wht re the firt t prrph ily but?
A The vriu ptter t the e urfe
B The ue f the he i e lur
C The y liht reflet ff rie ri
D The effrt t fuel the rth f phytplkt
43 Wht de the uderlied rd“vulerble”i Prrph 3 prbbly e?
A SeitiveB BeefiilC Siifit D Utieble
44 Wht e ler fr the pe?
A Phytplkt ply delii rle i the rie eyte
B Dutkieiz' del i t prjet phytplkt he
C Phytplkt hve bee ued t trl lbl lite
D Oe ith re phytplkt y pper reeer
45 Wht i the i purpe f the pe?
A T e the equee f e lur he
B T lye the piti f the e fd hi
C T expli the effet f lite he e
D T itrdue e ethd t tudy phytplkt
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Muh f the rk i tdy’ rld i plihed(完成)i teMt peple believe the bet y t build ret te i t ther rup f the t tleted idividul 46Cpie ped illi hiri tp buie pepleI their ey ell pet?
47They fued ftbll,bketblld bebllThe reult re ixed Fr ftbll d bketbll,ddi tleted plyer t teprve d ethd,but ly up t the pit here 70%f the plyer re tp tlet;bve thtlevel,the te’ perfre bei t delieIteretily,thi tred i’t evidet i bebllhere dditilidividultlet keep iprvi the te’ perfre
T expli thi phee,the reerher explred the deree t hih d perfre by te require it eber t rdite(协调)their ti 48I bebll,the perfre f idividul plyer i le depedet teteThey lude tht he tk iterdepedee i hih,te perfre ill uffer he there i t uh tlet,hile idividultlet ill hve pitive effet teperfre he tk iterdepedee i lerIf bketbll tr ifrexple,tryi t i hih perl pit ttl,he y tke ht hielf he it uld be better t p the bll t tete,ffeti the te' perfreYu hildre leri t ply te prt re fte tld,“There i Ii TEAM”49
Ather pibility i tht he there i lt f tlet te,e plyer y ke le effrtJut i e ftu-f-r(拔河比赛),heever per i dded,everye ele pull the rpe ith le fre
50A A-te y require ble-t jut Aplyer,but fe eeru B plyer ell
AIt' t iple tter t deterie the ture f tlet
BSprt te er ped illi f dllr ttrti tp tlet
CThe rup iterti d it effet dre the reerher'tteti
DStr ppretly d t fll thi bipriiple f prthip
ESeverl reet tudie exied the rle f tlet i the prt rld
FBuildi up dre te i re plex th iply hiri the bet tlet
GThi tk iterdepedee ditiuihe bebll fr ftbll d bketbll
第三部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)
第一节(15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Ji打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游,发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件,内容包括:
1交通出行;
2必备衣物。
注意:
1词数不少于50;
2开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Der Ji,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yur,
Li Hu
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记述整个过程。
注意:词数不少于60。
提示词:西瓜terel
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
12